NEWS & BLOGS EXCLUCIVELY FOR INFORMATION TO ENGINEERS & VALUERS COMMUNITY
CONCEPT OF STRESS AND STRAIN Stress is a measure of the internal forces within a material that result from external forces applied to it. It is defined as the force per unit area that a material experiences when it is subjected to an external force. Stress is typically expressed in units of Pascals (Pa) or […]
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PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) is a technology used for measuring the distance between two points using electromagnetic waves. The basic principle of EDM involves the transmission of an electromagnetic signal from a transmitter to a reflector placed at the target point, and then the reception of the reflected signal by
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ERRORS IN LEVELLING Levelling is a technique used to determine the relative height of points on the Earth’s surface. It involves measuring the vertical distance between two points using a levelling instrument such as a spirit level, optical level, or digital level. Errors in levelling can occur due to a variety of reasons, some of
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PRINCIPLES OF LEVELLING Levelling is a process used to determine the height or elevation of points on the Earth’s surface. It involves measuring the vertical distance between a point of interest and a reference point, usually a benchmark or a known elevation. Levelling is commonly used in civil engineering, construction, and surveying to create precise
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Bases of valuation are the methods used to determine the value of an asset or a company. Here are some of the most common bases of valuation: There are several bases of valuation, including: Market value: This is the value of an asset or company based on its current market price. Market value is determined
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MORTGAGE AND MORTGAGEE Mortgage and mortgagee are related terms used in the context of a real estate transaction. A mortgage is a legal agreement in which a borrower pledges real estate property as collateral for a loan. It is a type of loan that is typically used to purchase a home or other
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LESSOR AND LESSEE A lessor is a person or entity that owns a property and allows another party to use that property in exchange for rent, under a lease agreement. The lessor is often referred to as the landlord or property owner. A lessee, on the other hand, is a person or entity
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MORTGAGES OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY A mortgage is a type of loan that is secured by real property, such as a house, land or commercial property. When someone takes out a mortgage on a property, they borrow money from a lender (such as a bank or mortgage company) to buy or refinance the property. The property
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THE SOCIAL AUDIT & SOCIAL AUDITOR AN EMERGING PROFESSION Article By Prabhakar Pramod Jha (Social Auditor, Registered Valuer & IBC Law Consultant) “Social Audit is an independent evaluation of the performance of an organisation as it relates to the attainment of its social goals. It is an instrument of social accountability of an organisation. In
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FACTORY ACT, 1948 The Factory Act, 1948 is an important law that regulates the working conditions in factories in India. The Act was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1948 and came into force on April 1, 1949. The main purpose of the Factory Act, 1948 is to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NOMINAL AND CONTROLLED CONCRETE Nominal concrete refers to the mix of concrete specified by its compressive strength, determined by the ratio of cement, sand, and aggregate in the mix. This is the standard concrete mix that is typically used in construction. Controlled concrete, on the other hand, is a type of concrete that
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LIMITATIONS OF WATER-CEMENT RATIO LAW AND ITS EFFECTS ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE The water-cement ratio law is a fundamental principle in concrete mix design, which states that the strength of concrete is directly proportional to the water-cement ratio. While this principle is generally true, there are several limitations to this law that can affect the
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