BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TYPES OF SURVEYING

Surveying is the process of measuring and mapping the physical characteristics of land, buildings, or other features on the Earth’s surface. There are several basic principles and types of surveying, including:

1. Principle of accuracy: Surveying requires high levels of accuracy to ensure reliable and precise measurements.
2. Principle of precision: Surveying measurements must be repeatable and consistent to ensure reliable data.
3. Principle of least squares: This principle is used in surveying to minimize the error between measured values and their theoretical values.
4. Principle of stationing: Surveying involves dividing a given area into smaller units known as stations, which are used as reference points for further measurements.

Types of surveying:

1. Land surveying: This type of surveying involves measuring and mapping the physical characteristics of the land, including boundaries, contours, elevations, and features such as buildings and roads.
2. Construction surveying: This type of surveying involves establishing the location and dimensions of structures such as buildings, bridges, and roads during construction.
3. Topographic surveying: This type of surveying involves mapping the physical features of a particular area, including its elevation, contour, and natural features such as rivers, lakes, and vegetation.
4. Geodetic surveying: This type of surveying involves measuring the Earth’s surface and determining its shape and size, as well as the precise locations of points on the Earth’s surface.
5. Hydrographic surveying: This type of surveying involves mapping the features and depth of bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, and oceans.
6. Mining surveying: This type of surveying involves mapping and measuring mineral deposits, tunnels, and other underground features in mining operations.

 

 

 

FOR MANY MORE  UPDATES AVAILABLE CLICK BELOW 

CLICK THE BELOW LINK TO READ THE COMPLETE CONTENTS, SOME CONTENTS OF THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR GOLD SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. Join us as a GOLD SUBSCRIBER and get access to read important books. CEV LIBRARY GOLD SUBSCRIPTION

KIND ATTENTION
We are going to close all what’s groups of CEV soon due to difficulties in posting information or message in more than 5 groups of CEV at a time. All future posts of empanelment notices & professional importance will be shared on
1. https://t.me/+dbHNkNO22xsyYTY1
2. www.valuerworld.com
3. The Twitter handle of CEV India https://twitter.com/cevindia?t=XbqlvnwUVz1G3uPgs749ww&s=09 after closing the groups. All members of these groups are requested to register themselves at the following link immediately for Getting all related timely updates