100 IMPORTANT MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RELATED TO WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1974
- Which year was the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 enacted?
a) 1970
b) 1972
c) 1974
d) 1976
Answer: c) 1974 - What is the objective of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974?
a) Prevention and control of water pollution
b) Promotion of water conservation
c) Protection of water resources
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 was enacted by which authority?
a) Ministry of Environment and Forests
b) Ministry of Water Resources
c) Central Pollution Control Board
d) Central Water Commission
Answer: a) Ministry of Environment and Forests - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the establishment of:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b) - The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established under which section of the Water Act?
a) Section 10
b) Section 16
c) Section 33A
d) Section 41
Answer: a) Section 10 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Pollution Control Boards to:
a) Grant consent to establish and operate industries
b) Inspect pollution control facilities
c) Issue directions to industries for compliance
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which of the following is a penalty provision under the Water Act, 1974?
a) Imprisonment for a term up to 1 year
b) Fine up to Rs. 1 lakh
c) Closure of the polluting industry
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 covers the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Surface water
b) Groundwater
c) Sewage and trade effluents
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to give directions to prevent or control pollution?
a) Section 10
b) Section 16
c) Section 24
d) Section 33A
Answer: b) Section 16 - Which authority is responsible for enforcing the provisions of the Water Act, 1974?
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the establishment of:
a) Pollution Control Committee
b) Water Quality Control Board
c) Environmental Tribunal
d) Water Dispute Resolution Board
Answer: a) Pollution Control Committee - The Water Act, 1974 was enacted to implement the provisions of which international agreement?
a) Stockholm Convention
b) Kyoto Protocol
c) Basel Convention
d) Ramsar Convention
Answer: a) Stockholm Convention - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to perform the following functions, except:
a) Coordination of activities of State Pollution Control Boards
b) Issuing directions to State Pollution Control Boards
c) Granting environmental clearances to industries
d) Conducting research and development in the field of water pollution control
Answer: c) Granting environmental clearances to industries - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Laboratories for:
a) Monitoring water quality
b) Testing industrial effluents
c) Research and development
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Pollution Control Boards to take samples of effluents, emissions, and wastes for analysis from:
a) Industries
b) Sewage treatment plants
c) Streams and wells
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to limit the period of consent for certain industries?
a) Section 11
b) Section 15
c) Section 25
d) Section 38
Answer: a) Section 11 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take emergency measures for the prevention, control, and abatement of pollution in the event of:
a) Floods
b) Droughts
c) Industrial accidents
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to make rules for the prevention and control of water pollution?
a) Section 6
b) Section 13
c) Section 29
d) Section 42
Answer: b) Section 13 - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Scientists to assist the State Pollution Control Boards in:
a) Conducting inspections
b) Testing water samples
c) Assessing environmental impact
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 is applicable to which of the following water bodies?
a) Rivers and lakes
b) Groundwater
c) Coastal areas
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to declare certain areas as water pollution control areas?
a) Section 12
b) Section 18
c) Section 26
d) Section 35
Answer: b) Section 18 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to appoint officers for the purpose of:
a) Collecting data on water pollution
b) Inspecting pollution control facilities
c) Monitoring groundwater quality
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the constitution of a Central Board by the Central Government for the prevention and control of water pollution at the:
a) National level
b) State level
c) District level
d) Local level
Answer: a) National level - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to make regulations for discharge of sewage and trade effluents into streams or wells?
a) Section 7
b) Section 14
c) Section 28
d) Section 39
Answer: c) Section 28 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Government to issue directions to the State Governments regarding:
a) Setting up pollution control laboratories
b) Appointment of officers for pollution control
c) Implementation of pollution control measures
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the establishment of Environmental Labs at the:
a) National level
b) State level
c) District level
d) Local level
Answer: b) State level - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to restrict the use of water by industries?
a) Section 9
b) Section 17
c) Section 23
d) Section 32
Answer: d) Section 32 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to obtain consent from the Pollution Control Boards for:
a) Discharging effluents into water bodies
b) Withdrawing water for industrial purposes
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b) - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to inspect any control equipment, industrial plant, or manufacturing process for the purpose of:
a) Enforcing pollution control measures
b) Collecting data on industrial emissions
c) Imposing penalties on violators
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to revoke or suspend the consent given to industries?
a) Section 20
b) Section 27
c) Section 34
d) Section 40
Answer: c) Section 34 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Pollution Control Boards to analyze and treat samples of:
a) Industrial effluents
b) Municipal sewage
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b) - The Water Act, 1974 requires the Central and State Pollution Control Boards to maintain and publish a:
a) List of all industries causing water pollution
b) Register of water pollution control equipment
c) Directory of pollution control laboratories
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Register of water pollution control equipment - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to inspect and copy records and registers maintained by industries?
a) Section 8
b) Section 19
c) Section 30
d) Section 36
Answer: c) Section 30 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central and State Governments to make rules for the prevention and control of water pollution within:
a) Industrial areas
b) Municipal areas
c) Coastal areas
d) All areas
Answer: d) All areas - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to establish water quality monitoring stations at:
a) Rivers and lakes
b) Coastal areas
c) Industrial estates
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to make rules for the regulation of water supply by local authorities?
a) Section 5
b) Section 21
c) Section 31
d) Section 43
Answer: b) Section 21 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to perform the following functions, except:
a) Advising the Central Government on pollution control matters
b) Conducting research and development in the field of water pollution control
c) Granting environmental clearances to industries
d) Collecting and disseminating information relating to water pollution
Answer: c) Granting environmental clearances to industries - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to install and operate pollution control equipment to meet the:
a) National ambient water quality standards
b) State ambient water quality standards
c) Central Pollution Control Board’s guidelines
d) None of the above
Answer: a) National ambient water quality standards - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to take water samples and inspect records maintained by local authorities?
a) Section 4
b) Section 22
c) Section 37
d) Section 44
Answer: b) Section 22 - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of officers to investigate:
a) Complaints regarding water pollution
b) Non-compliance with pollution control regulations
c) Environmental impact assessment
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to pay fees for the grant of consent to:
a) Establish and operate
b) Monitor pollution levels
c) Construct effluent treatment plants
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Establish and operate - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to review and evaluate the progress of pollution control measures taken by:
a) Industries
b) Municipalities
c) State Pollution Control Boards
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to inspect premises where hazardous substances are stored?
a) Section 13
b) Section 25
c) Section 41
d) Section 45
Answer: c) Section 41 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of:
a) Effluent treatment plant performance
b) Effluent discharge volumes
c) Monitoring of ambient water quality
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Government to constitute an authority to hear appeals against the orders of:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to issue directions for the closure, prohibition, or regulation of any industry?
a) Section 14
b) Section 31A
c) Section 42A
d) Section 46
Answer: b) Section 31A - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Engineers to assist the State Pollution Control Boards in:
a) Developing pollution control strategies
b) Designing effluent treatment plants
c) Monitoring industrial emissions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central and State Governments to make rules for the collection and treatment of sewage in:
a) Urban areas
b) Rural areas
c) Industrial areas
d) All areas
Answer: d) All areas - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to give directions for the closure, stoppage, or regulation of public sewers?
a) Section 3
b) Section 26
c) Section 40A
d) Section 47
Answer: c) Section 40A - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central and State Governments to make rules for the prevention and control of pollution from:
a) Thermal power plants
b) Nuclear power plants
c) Hydropower plants
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of scientists and experts to assist the Central Pollution Control Board in:
a) Conducting research on water pollution
b) Formulating pollution control policies
c) Monitoring industrial emissions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to recover expenses incurred in connection with pollution control measures?
a) Section 16
b) Section 29
c) Section 43A
d) Section 48
Answer: c) Section 43A - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Inter-state rivers
b) International waters
c) Coastal waters
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Auditors to assess the compliance of industries with:
a) Pollution control standards
b) Environmental impact assessment requirements
c) Consent conditions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Pollution Control Boards to:
a) Levy and collect fees and charges
b) Issue closure orders to polluting industries
c) Grant subsidies to industries implementing pollution control measures
d) All of the above
Answer: a) Levy and collect fees and charges - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to issue directions to the occupier of any premises for preventing or mitigating environmental pollution?
a) Section 10
b) Section 24
c) Section 33A
d) Section 49
Answer: a) Section 10 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain effluent treatment plants in proper working condition and submit periodic reports to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Public parks and gardens
b) Tourist spots and recreational areas
c) Lakes and reservoirs
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to issue directions for the treatment, disposal, or reuse of sewage and trade effluents?
a) Section 11
b) Section 27A
c) Section 38A
d) Section 50
Answer: b) Section 27A - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to review and approve the Environmental Impact Assessments of:
a) Major development projects
b) Industrial expansion plans
c) Setting up of new industries
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of experts to assist the Central Government in the formulation of policies and plans for the prevention and control of:
a) Groundwater pollution
b) Coastal pollution
c) River pollution
d) All types of water pollution
Answer: d) All types of water pollution - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to prohibit the use of streams or wells for certain purposes?
a) Section 19
b) Section 34A
c) Section 44A
d) Section 51
Answer: a) Section 19 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to provide access to authorized persons for the purpose of:
a) Inspecting pollution control facilities
b) Collecting water samples
c) Monitoring industrial emissions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Pollution Control Boards to issue directions to industries for:
a) Installation of pollution control equipment
b) Monitoring of effluent quality
c) Compliance with consent conditions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to grant consent to establish and operate sewage or trade effluent treatment plants?
a) Section 9
b) Section 21A
c) Section 36A
d) Section 52
Answer: b) Section 21A - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of:
a) Water consumption
b) Effluent discharge standards
c) Ambient air quality
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Residential areas
b) Public places
c) Hospital premises
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to prosecute in case of non-compliance with pollution control regulations?
a) Section 15
b) Section 28A
c) Section 40B
d) Section 53
Answer: c) Section 40B - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of water consumption and submit periodic returns to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Coastal regulation zones
b) Protected areas and sanctuaries
c) Forests and wildlife habitats
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to make rules for the treatment and disposal of sewage by local authorities?
a) Section 6
b) Section 23A
c) Section 37A
d) Section 54
Answer: c) Section 37A - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of stack emissions and submit periodic reports to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: a) Central Pollution Control Board - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Schools and educational institutions
b) Government offices
c) Industrial training institutes
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to seal or close polluting wells or premises?
a) Section 25A
b) Section 39A
c) Section 45A
d) Section 55
Answer: a) Section 25A - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Prosecuting Officers to conduct prosecutions for offenses under the Act in:
a) District Courts
b) High Courts
c) National Green Tribunal
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to issue guidelines for the:
a) Design and construction of pollution control devices
b) Monitoring and reporting of pollution levels
c) Environmental impact assessment process
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to submit periodic reports on their environmental performance to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Transport terminals and stations
b) Commercial and marketplaces
c) Public buildings and institutions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to issue directions for the closure, prohibition, or regulation of the use of wells, tanks, or other sources of water supply?
a) Section 20
b) Section 35A
c) Section 43B
d) Section 56
Answer: a) Section 20 - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of District Environmental Officers to assist the District Magistrate in:
a) Monitoring industrial emissions
b) Conducting inspections of polluting industries
c) Implementing pollution control measures
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to obtain a consent to establish and operate from the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to inspect and seize records and documents relating to pollution control?
a) Section 13
b) Section 30A
c) Section 41A
d) Section 57
Answer: c) Section 41A - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Government to issue directions for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Underground water sources
b) Water bodies in protected areas
c) Coastal regulation zones
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Laboratories to conduct analysis of water samples and provide technical support to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of hazardous substances used and stored on their premises and submit periodic reports to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to take samples of water from any stream, well, sewer, or trade effluent?
a) Section 18
b) Section 33
c) Section 46A
d) Section 58
Answer: b) Section 33 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Religious and cultural places
b) Historical monuments and sites
c) Archaeological areas
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Scientists to assist the Central Pollution Control Board in:
a) Conducting water quality assessments
b) Analyzing pollution control data
c) Developing pollution control guidelines
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to enter and inspect any premises for the purpose of assessing pollution control measures?
a) Section 12
b) Section 31
c) Section 47A
d) Section 59
Answer: a) Section 12 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of solid waste generation and disposal and submit periodic reports to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: b) State Pollution Control Boards - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the Central Pollution Control Board to conduct or cause to be conducted investigations and research on matters relating to:
a) Water pollution control technologies
b) Environmental impact assessment
c) Pollution control policies and strategies
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to obtain a consent to establish and operate before:
a) Commencing construction of their premises
b) Initiating any industrial process
c) Discharging any effluent or sewage
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to direct the closure, prohibition, or regulation of any industry, operation, or process causing pollution?
a) Section 22
b) Section 38
c) Section 49A
d) Section 60
Answer: b) Section 38 - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Public transport systems
b) Airports and seaports
c) Industrial estates and clusters
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Water Inspectors to inspect and monitor the implementation of pollution control measures by:
a) Industries
b) Local authorities
c) Government agencies
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in public water supply systems?
a) Section 16
b) Section 32A
c) Section 42A
d) Section 61
Answer: a) Section 16 - The Water Act, 1974 requires industries to maintain records of ambient air quality and submit periodic reports to the:
a) Central Pollution Control Board
b) State Pollution Control Boards
c) District Magistrate
d) All of the above
Answer: a) Central Pollution Control Board - The Water Act, 1974 empowers the State Government to take measures for the prevention and control of pollution in:
a) Educational institutions and campuses
b) Residential colonies and housing complexes
c) Recreational clubs and sports facilities
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above - Which section of the Water Act, 1974 deals with the power to issue directions for the maintenance and operation of common effluent treatment plants?
a) Section 26
b) Section 41
c) Section 48A
d) Section 62
Answer: c) Section 48A - The Water Act, 1974 provides for the appointment of Environmental Auditors to conduct audits of:
a) Pollution control facilities
b) Environmental management systems
c) Compliance with pollution control regulations
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
