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WORKING OF A SOLAR PANEL

WORKING OF A SOLAR PANEL

A solar panel, also known as a photovoltaic (PV) panel, converts sunlight into electricity using the photoelectric effect. Here’s how it works:

  1. The solar panel is made up of many individual solar cells. Each cell contains layers of materials, usually silicon, that have been specially treated to create an electric field.
  2. When sunlight hits the solar cell, the energy from the photons in the sunlight is absorbed by the silicon atoms. This causes some of the electrons in the silicon to be knocked loose from their atoms, creating free electrons.
  3. The electric field within the solar cell then causes these free electrons to flow in a particular direction, creating a current of electricity. This current is captured by conducting metal contacts on the top and bottom of the solar cell.
  4. The electricity generated by each individual solar cell is relatively small, so many cells are connected together to form a solar panel. These panels can be connected in series or in parallel to create higher voltages or currents, depending on the desired application.
  5. Finally, the electricity generated by the solar panels can be used immediately to power devices, or it can be stored in batteries for use at a later time when the sun is not shining.

That’s a basic overview of how solar panels work. It’s worth noting that the efficiency of solar panels varies depending on factors such as the quality of the materials used, the amount of sunlight they receive, and the temperature. However, even with these variables, solar panels can be a highly effective and sustainable source of renewable energy.




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