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LEDGER: The book in which transactions are recorded in classified permanent form is called the Ledger. Ledger is the permanent storehouse of all the financial transactions. A ledger, also known as the second book of entry, is a record-keeping system that records all of a company’s classified financial data. Transactions are recorded in the ledger in […]
DEFINITIONS, FEATURES NECESSITY OF LEDGER IN ACCOUNTS Read More »
A bank reconciliation statement is a summary of banking and business activity that reconciles an entity’s bank account with its financial records. The statement outlines the deposits, withdrawals, and other activities affecting a bank account for a specific period. A bank reconciliation statement is a useful financial internal control tool used to thwart fraud. Bank
MEANING OF BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT Read More »
Depreciation is the process of deducting the total cost of something expensive you bought for your business. But instead of doing it all in one tax year, you write off parts of it over time. When you depreciate assets, you can plan how much money is written off each year, giving you more control over
MEANING OF DEPRECIATION Read More »
Reinforced concrete is a combination of traditional cement concrete with reinforcements (steel bar). This combination is made to utilize the compressive strength of concrete and tensile strength of steel simultaneously. In reinforced concrete, the components work together to resist many types of loading. Concrete resists compression and steel reinforcement resists tension forces. Reinforced concrete, as
REINFORCED CONCRETE – ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Read More »
Surveying is the art to determine the relative position of object on or below the surface of the earth by measuring horizontal distance between them and prepare a map to any suitable scale. Surveying is the technique of determining the relative position of different features on, above or beneath the surface of the earth by
CLASSIFICATION OF SURVEYING Read More »
Rate analysis for cement mortar requires estimation of materials for cement mortar, i.e. quantity of cement and sand required for 1m3 for various proportions, i.e., CM 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 etc. So, let us first calculate quantity of cement and sand required for 1m3 of cement mortar. For 1m3 of wet cement mortar, 1.3m3 of
RATE ANALYSIS OF CEMENT MORTAR Read More »
Bridge failures can lead to injuries, loss of life, and property damage on a scale equal to plane crashes, terrorist attacks, and natural disasters. That’s why bridge designers, engineers, construction workers, managers, and inspectors take their jobs so seriously. 1. A combination of issues: The top reason bridges fail is a mix of factors that,
CAUSES OF BRIDGE FAILURE Read More »
Construction materials or Building materials is a material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many manufactured products are used, some more and some less synthetic. We have discussed the various types of construction materials used in
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS Read More »
Indian real estate, particularly, commercial real estate could see temporary delays in new lease signing because of Omicron-related disruptions; but long term prospects of the sectoi’s categories – home sales, office and commercial space leasing and alternate asset class developments – remain intact, says Anurag Mathur, CEO, Savills India.Impact of Omicron is likely to be
After completing two successive terms (2011-2022), IIT Madras director Bhaskar Ramamurthi will step down and will be succeeded by V Kamakoti of the institute’s Computer Science and Engineering Department as Director, says a release from the institute. “We are happy to inform you that the President of India has approved the appointment of Prof. Kamakoti
V Kamakoti to succeed Bhaskar Ramamurthi as IIT-M Director Read More »
An estimate for any construction work may be defined as the process of calculating the quantities and costs of the various items required in connection with the work. Before the start of any work for its execution, the owner of the builder should have a thorough knowledge of the volume of work. The minutest details can
GENERAL TERMS IN ESTIMATION & COSTING Read More »
The basic things you should know to calculate the volume of 1 bag of cement are: Density of cement = 1440 kg/ m³ 1 bag = 50 kg of cement 1 m³ = 35.3147 cubic feet 1 m³ = 10³ liters Let’s see how can we calculate the volume of 1 cement bag by using all
HOW TO CALCULATE VOLUME OF 50 KG CEMENT BAG Read More »