MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RELATED TO OUTLINED ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA

Which legislation primarily focuses on the conservation and management of forests in India?
A) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
B) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
C) Indian Forest Act, 1927
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: C) Indian Forest Act, 1927

Which legislation aims to regulate and control water pollution in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Which legislation is concerned with regulating and curbing air pollution in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Which legislation provides a comprehensive framework for the protection and improvement of the environment in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Which legislation empowers the central government to take measures to protect and improve environmental quality in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, primarily deals with:
A) Regulation of water pollution
B) Conservation and management of forests
C) Control of air pollution
D) Protection of wildlife sanctuaries
Answer: B) Conservation and management of forests

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, aims to regulate activities related to:
A) Conservation of water bodies
B) Preservation of forest ecosystems
C) Control and prevention of water pollution
D) Protection of wildlife habitats
Answer: C) Control and prevention of water pollution

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, provides for the prevention, control, and abatement of:
A) Land degradation
B) Noise pollution
C) Air pollution
D) Soil erosion
Answer: C) Air pollution

Which legislation established the National Environment Tribunal to adjudicate matters related to environmental protection and conservation?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, authorizes the central government to:
A) Formulate policies for industrial development
B) Establish national parks and wildlife sanctuaries
C) Issue directions for the protection of the environment
D) Implement schemes for agricultural productivity
Answer: C) Issue directions for the protection of the environment

Which legislation in India was enacted to give effect to the decisions taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The primary objective of the Indian Forest Act, 1927, is to:
A) Regulate industrial emissions
B) Conserve and manage forest resources
C) Control noise pollution
D) Preserve archaeological sites
Answer: B) Conserve and manage forest resources

Which of the following is NOT regulated by the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974?
A) Industrial effluents
B) Agricultural runoff
C) Marine pollution
D) Domestic sewage
Answer: C) Marine pollution

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, empowers the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards to:
A) Regulate noise levels in urban areas
B) Monitor radiation levels in industrial zones
C) Conduct research on climate change
D) Implement measures to prevent air pollution
Answer: D) Implement measures to prevent air pollution

Which legislation introduced the concept of ‘environmental clearance’ for activities likely to have adverse impacts on the environment?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, prohibits the handling of hazardous substances without obtaining:
A) Forest clearance
B) Environmental clearance
C) Water discharge permit
D) Wildlife conservation permit
Answer: B) Environmental clearance

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, was amended in:
A) 1986
B) 1974
C) 2006
D) 1992
Answer: C) 2006

Which legislation established the Central and State Pollution Control Boards to enforce its provisions?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, vests the power to take punitive action for contravention of its provisions in:
A) The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
B) National Green Tribunal
C) Central Pollution Control Board
D) State Pollution Control Boards
Answer: D) State Pollution Control Boards

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, was amended in:
A) 1981
B) 1986
C) 2006
D) 1992
Answer: C) 2006

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, was primarily enacted to:
A) Promote deforestation for economic development
B) Regulate wildlife conservation efforts
C) Facilitate commercial logging activities
D) Regulate the movement of forest produce and impose penalties for unlawful activities
Answer: D) Regulate the movement of forest produce and impose penalties for unlawful activities

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, applies to:
A) All water bodies in India, including rivers, lakes, and coastal areas
B) Only major rivers and lakes
C) Only groundwater resources
D) Only marine ecosystems
Answer: A) All water bodies in India, including rivers, lakes, and coastal areas

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, provides for the establishment of:
A) National Wildlife Authority
B) Central Pollution Control Board
C) Bureau of Air Quality Management
D) Ministry of Climate Change
Answer: B) Central Pollution Control Board

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, prohibits the handling of hazardous substances without obtaining:
A) Industrial license
B) Environmental clearance
C) Building permit
D) Import-export license
Answer: B) Environmental clearance

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, was enacted during the colonial period to:
A) Preserve forests for recreational purposes
B) Facilitate unrestricted exploitation of forest resources
C) Protect forest ecosystems and regulate forest management
D) Promote afforestation projects
Answer: B) Facilitate unrestricted exploitation of forest resources

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies without obtaining:
A) License from the Ministry of Water Resources
B) Environmental Impact Assessment clearance
C) Consent from the State Pollution Control Board
D) Approval from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Answer: C) Consent from the State Pollution Control Board

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, mandates the preparation of:
A) Air quality improvement plans
B) Noise pollution mitigation strategies
C) Wildlife conservation programs
D) Soil erosion prevention measures
Answer: A) Air quality improvement plans

Which legislation established the concept of “Polluter Pays Principle” in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, authorizes the Central Government to:
A) Issue guidelines for wildlife protection
B) Declare ecologically sensitive areas
C) Grant permits for commercial fishing
D) Implement schemes for urban development
Answer: B) Declare ecologically sensitive areas

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, was amended to incorporate provisions related to:
A) Groundwater recharge
B) Noise pollution control
C) Coastal zone management
D) Hazardous waste management
Answer: D) Hazardous waste management

The primary objective of the Indian Forest Act, 1927, is to:
A) Regulate agricultural practices in forest areas
B) Prevent deforestation and soil erosion
C) Facilitate sustainable management of forest resources
D) Promote commercial logging activities
Answer: C) Facilitate sustainable management of forest resources

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, was enacted to implement the recommendations of the:
A) Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment
B) Rio Earth Summit
C) Kyoto Protocol
D) Paris Agreement
Answer: A) Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, prohibits the use of:
A) Chemical fertilizers
B) Pesticides
C) Ozone-depleting substances
D) Plastic bags
Answer: C) Ozone-depleting substances

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, empowers the Central Government to take measures to:
A) Promote urbanization
B) Conserve biodiversity
C) Increase industrial pollution
D) Encourage deforestation
Answer: B) Conserve biodiversity

Which legislation introduced the concept of ‘Environment Impact Assessment’ (EIA) in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, grants the power to declare reserved forests to the:
A) Central Government
B) State Governments
C) Local Municipalities
D) Tribal Authorities
Answer: B) State Governments

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, mandates the establishment of:
A) State Environment Impact Assessment Authority
B) Central Pollution Control Board
C) National Green Tribunal
D) Ministry of Water Resources
Answer: B) Central Pollution Control Board

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, was amended to include provisions related to:
A) Noise pollution control
B) Hazardous waste management
C) Coastal zone regulation
D) Wildlife protection
Answer: A) Noise pollution control

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, empowers the Central Government to issue directions to:
A) State Governments
B) Local Municipalities
C) Industrial Associations
D) Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Answer: A) State Governments

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, regulates the transit of forest produce through:
A) Urban areas
B) Tribal areas
C) Interstate borders
D) International borders
Answer: C) Interstate borders

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, was amended in:
A) 1981
B) 1986
C) 1992
D) 2006
Answer: D) 2006

Which legislation introduced the National Environment Appellate Authority to hear appeals against the orders of the regulatory authorities?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, mandates the formulation of:
A) Noise pollution control measures
B) Climate change adaptation strategies
C) Air quality standards
D) Marine pollution prevention plans
Answer: C) Air quality standards

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, provides for the appointment of:
A) Environment Police Force
B) Environment Impact Assessment Authority
C) Environment Clearance Committee
D) Environment Auditor General
Answer: B) Environment Impact Assessment Authority

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, empowers forest officers to:
A) Grant licenses for timber extraction
B) Collect taxes from local communities
C) Issue permits for wildlife hunting
D) Impose penalties for forest offenses
Answer: D) Impose penalties for forest offenses

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies without obtaining:
A) Water tax clearance
B) License from the Ministry of Water Resources
C) Consent from the State Pollution Control Board
D) Approval from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Answer: C) Consent from the State Pollution Control Board

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, prohibits the use of equipment or appliances generating noise levels exceeding:
A) 50 decibels
B) 75 decibels
C) 90 decibels
D) 120 decibels
Answer: C) 90 decibels

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, enables the Central Government to lay down procedures for:
A) Wildlife rehabilitation
B) Environmental auditing
C) Ecotourism promotion
D) Hazardous waste disposal
Answer: D) Hazardous waste disposal

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, was amended in:
A) 1986
B) 1992
C) 2006
D) 2016
Answer: D) 2016

Which legislation is considered the umbrella legislation for environmental protection and conservation in India?
A) Indian Forest Act, 1927
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Answer: D) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986